Symptoms of Liver Cancer

1. Pain in the liver area: pain in the upper right area of ​​the abdomen that berketerusan is an important symptom indicating that tumor liver tumors as a starting point, which is also the most common symptoms. Enlarged liver so rapidly that squeeze film wrapping or liver cancer tumors invade the lining of the heart or the stomach lining, can also cause pain or bloating continuing. Tumor invasion into the diaphragm, the pain may spread to the right shoulder or right-back. Tumors that grow into the right-back can cause pain in the right loin. When a cancerous tumor nodules damaged cancer cells die and the blood flow to the stomach can lead to strong pain in the abdomen, symptoms such as inflammation of the stomach lining. 2. Heart swells: is the most common symptom in patients with liver cancer starting point. Hearts swell, harden, uneven outer layer, which is not the same no nodules or large size, even some prominent section, edges are not neat, often feel pain like pressure. 3. Jaundice: occurs in about 1/3 patients with liver cancer, occurs mostly in the advanced stage, due to liver cell damage and bile duct tumor pressing lumps or other causes. 4. Fever: temperature usually is not too high, but sometimes exceeded 39 ℃, probably sustained fever or high fever irregular. Caused by the cancer tissue in large quantities has been damaged and is absorbed by the body or cancer of the bile duct tumor squeeze so inflamed bile duct or coinfection. 5. Digestive tract and the whole body symptoms: loss of appetite, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, whole body without strength, poor health conditions. 6. Symptoms metastases: Liver cancer can spread to the lungs, bones, chest cavity, brain, and other parts, and bring the relevant symptoms, such as the spread to the lungs can cause coughing up blood, spread into the chest cavity can cause pain in the chest and fluid in the chest that appeared to be blood; deployment bone can cause pain in certain parts or pathologic fractures; deployment penghimpitan spine or spinal cord can cause pain and paralysis in certain parts, etc.; deployment of the brain can cause headaches, vomiting and other symptoms of nerve. 7. Other symptoms: because the metabolism of abnormal cancerous tumor can cause endocrine fluids or other symptoms associated with metabolism, also referred to as a symptom of the cancer chaperone. Are often found as follows: a) Low blood sugar spontaneous: occurs in 10% - 30% of patients, because the liver cells to make insulin endocrine fluids or substances in the insulin becomes abnormal, or cancerous liver tissue terlalau spend a lot of glucose. If severe can lead to fainting, shock and even death. b) Red blood cells multiply: occurs in 2% - 10%, probably due to the increase in erythropoietin (a substance enhancing red blood cells). c) Other: there are many symptoms such as high cholesterol and high calcium in the blood, carcinoid syndrome, early maturity and gonadotropin secretion syndrome, skin disease porphyria, symptoms fibrinogen abnormalities and other symptoms can be synthesized by an abnormal protein in liver cancer tissues, endocrine ectopic, porphyrins and related disorders.

Liver Cancer

Any of several forms of disease characterized by tumours in the liver; benign liver tumours remain in the liver, whereas malignant tumours are, by definition, cancerous. Most malignant liver tumours are hepatomas, also called hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). HCCs account for fewer than 1 percent of U.S. cancers but are common in Africa, Southeast Asia, and China. These tumours begin in the functional cells of the liver and account for 85 percent of all liver cancers. The remaining cancers develop from blood vessels (hemangiosarcomas), small bile ducts, (cholangiocarcinomas), or immature liver cells (hepatoblastomas). Hepatoblastomas occur primarily in children. Treatment and prognosis for liver cancers vary, depending on the type and stage, or degree, of advancement.
Causes and symptoms
The causes of liver cancer vary and in many cases remain unknown, but several factors have been identified that increase the risk of developing the disease. Previous infection with hepatitis B or hepatitis C viruses is clearly linked to liver cancer, as is cirrhosis of the liver. Exposure to several chemicals also increases cancer risk; these chemicals include vinyl chloride (commonly used in plastics manufacturing), thorium dioxide (once used with certain X-ray procedures), aflatoxin (a poison produced by a fungus of spoiled peanuts and certain grain products), and arsenic. Use of anabolic steroids and oral contraceptives may increase the risk of certain types of liver cancer. Other illnesses such as gallstones, chronic inflammation of the colon or gallbladder, and certain parasitic infections are also risk factors.
Symptoms of liver cancer often remain undetected until the disease has progressed to an advanced stage. Symptoms include abdominal pain or swelling, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss, an early sense of fullness during meals, or jaundice. Individuals with chronic liver diseases may experience a sudden worsening of their overall condition. Laboratory tests may reveal elevated levels of calcium in the blood, low blood sugar, or other signs of liver dysfunction.

Diagnosis and prognosis
Early diagnosis of liver disorders usually involves a blood test for abnormal liver function. Special tests for two specific antigens in the blood may also indicate liver cancer. If cancer is suspected, a biopsy will be done either during exploratory surgery or by inserting a thin needle into the liver.
The cancer is further diagnosed by means of imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound. In some cases an X-ray procedure called angiography will be used to examine blood vessels in and around the liver. A physician can also directly examine the liver with a laparoscope, a flexible tube with a lens on the end that is inserted through an incision in the abdomen.
Once liver cancer has been diagnosed, its stage is then determined to indicate how far the cancer has progressed. Some tumours that are localized, or found in a confined area of the liver, may be completely removed. Other localized cancers cannot be completely removed, as the resultant loss of remaining liver function would be fatal. Advanced cancer has either invaded a large portion of the liver or spread (metastasized) to distant tissues in the body.
Whereas survivability of most cancers is expressed in terms of a five-year survival rate, the rapid course of this disease following appearance of symptoms has resulted in use of a three-year survival rate. This rate is fairly high if the cancer is localized and can be completely removed by surgery. If the cancer is localized but inoperable, the rate is lower, and in more advanced stages of liver cancer the three-year survival is low. Unfortunately, overall survival from liver cancer is lower than that for many other types of cancer because it is not usually detected in its early stages.

Treatment
Surgery can cure liver cancer, but only when the cancer is limited to a region small enough to permit its removal while leaving enough of the liver behind to perform normal functions. Surgery is not curative for cancers that have spread beyond the liver and is not usually recommended for patients with cirrhosis. When surgery is not an option, some local tumours can be destroyed either by being frozen or by being injected with alcohol. Other cancers may be starved by blocking nearby blood vessels. This procedure, however, carries inherent risks because it also blocks blood flow to healthy liver tissue.
Radiation therapy is rarely used to treat liver cancer owing to the high sensitivity of healthy liver cells to radiation. Chemotherapy may be used, especially if the cancer has spread to distant tissues, to seek out and destroy as many cancer cells as possible. A chemotherapeutic agent may, in some cases, be administered directly into the main artery that feeds the liver; this allows direct delivery of cancer-destroying drugs to the liver while minimizing systemic exposure.

Prevention
The risk of liver cancer can be greatly reduced by taking steps to eliminate key risk factors. Hepatitis B infection can be prevented by vaccination against the virus and by avoiding unprotected sexual contact or contact with human blood. Hepatitis C can also be avoided by eliminating direct exposure to blood. Alcohol consumption should be limited; anabolic steroids should never be used without the advice of a physician; and guidelines regarding vinyl chloride exposure should be followed.

Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer is a rare type of cancer that is generally diagnosed in those aged over 70 years. However, cancer can also strike younger people. Pancreatic cancer statistics are not encouraging, with a very high mortality rate. Only 15 to 20 percent of patients are still alive after five years of suffering from pancreatic cancer.

The pancreas is an organ in the upper abdomen that were under the hull and adjacent to the first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum. The pancreas consists of two parts: exocrine glands that secrete enzymes for digestion, and endocrine glands that produce hormones, including insulin to regulate blood sugar. Tumors can develop in one or both parts of the pancreas.
Smoking increases the risk of pancreatic cancer nearly tripled. The risk increases with the intensity and duration of smoking, and decreases with smoking cessation. Other risk factors are found in pancreatic cancer is hereditary, but genetic predisposition explain only a fraction of these cancers. Other risk factors are suspected of alcohol consumption and a diet rich in animal fats.
The discovery of pancreatic cancer is often delayed because symptoms like other diseases. Another problem of pancreatic cancer because the organ is hidden and cancer usually does not cause any symptoms until the advanced stages. The most obvious signs are jaundice. Jaundice is characterized by a yellowish skin, dark urine and pale stools. Other signs of pancreatic cancer is abdominal pain that radiates to the back, and not lost by conventional analgesics. Without cause fatigue, loss of appetite and weight loss are common signs of cancer are not specific to pancreatic cancer.
Other functional disorders of pancreatic tumors are:    gag,    bowel problems,     food intolerance,     chronic diarrhea,     diabetes,     discomfort and hypoglycemia,     peptic ulcers,     phlebitis,     inflammation of the bile duct, and     inflammation of the pancreas

Beware!
Pancreatic cancer is usually found incidentally when a blood test or CT-scan for different problems. The location of the pancreas that make it hidden and inaccessible to physical examination as well as breast cancer or prostate cancer.
There is no blood test that can reliably test for pancreatic cancer. Many people know that the pancreas is where insulin is made, but the cells that do not normally involved in cancer. In contrast, cancer occurs in cells manufacturing the enzymes that help you digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in the food you eat. Most of the attacks the pancreatic cancer which produce these enzymes.
Pancreatic cancer can be characterized by an increase in "tumor markers" on the substance produced by cancer cells: CA 19-9 in cancerous exocrine gland and chromogranin A in endocrine cancer. However, this screening method is not always reliable. Signs may remain stable despite the cancer. In contrast, other diseases can cause an increase in height, such as gallstones or pancreatitis. As a result, doctors do not just use a blood test to detect this disease. They complement the results of a blood test with another medical examination.
Abdominal imaging
Pancreatic tumors may be found during ultrasound or CT-scan. Ultrasound and CT-scan to visualize the pancreatic tumor and the possible consequences, such as compression of the bile duct. If the cancer is found in the head of the pancreas, bile duct can be depressed. Test also aims to explore the possibility of organ involvement, or lymph vessels near the pancreas. The results of this investigation to determine tumor stage. Additional tests can be performed, such as endoscopy pancreas. Performed under general anesthesia, the test is to observe the bile ducts and pancreas by injecting a contrast agent (radiopaque).
Every cancer hypothesis should be confirmed by laboratory studies a small sample (biopsy) of pancreatic tissue taken by a doctor during a special ultrasound, performed under general anesthesia and the so-called echo-endoscopy. Research hormonal function (hypoglycemia, diabetes, etc.) will also be very useful. Sometimes surgical exploration of the pancreas is needed to conclude with certainty the presence of pancreatic cancer.

Alert with Brain Cancer

The brain is the center of life. All the activities of life can only happen through a mechanism regulated by the brain. At the same time, the brain has to run thousands of events at a time. Broadly speaking, the brain is divided into three parts, the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. Interstellar space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid), while the exterior is protected by three layers of the lining of the brain (meninges) to the skull.
Like the rest of the body, the brain can be affected by the tumor or cancer. The difference is, if the other body parts sometimes do not interfere with benign and harmless, but benign tumors in the brain can be very disturbing and endangering lives. Common symptoms of brain tumors and cancer are as follows:

Common Symptoms of Cerebral
It can be either mild cerebral changes (psychomotor asthenia), which can be perceived by the patient in the form of immediate family: irritability, emotional instability, forgetfulness, slowing of cognitive and social activities, loss of initiative and spontaneity, may be found anxiety and depression.

Pain in the Head
An estimated 1% of the causes of headaches is brain tumors and 30% of brain tumor early symptoms are headache. While symptoms further 70% of cases were found. The nature of head pain varies from mild and episodic to serious and throbbing, generally more extreme at night and on waking in the morning and in the situation where there is elevated intracranial pressure. The presence of headache with psychomotor asthenia should be suspected brain tumor.

Gag
Present in 30% of cases, and generally follow the headache. More common in the posterior fossa tumors in general is projectile vomiting and was not accompanied by nausea.

Convulsions
The emergence of seizures can be an early symptom of brain tumors in 25% of cases, and more than 35% of cases at an advanced stage. An estimated 2% of the cause of seizures are a brain tumor.
Seizures are suspect as a brain tumor when:

Generation first seizure at the age of 25 years

• Experiencing post-ictal paralysis
• Having the status of epilepsy
• Resistant to epilepsy medications
• Generation accompanied by other intracranial high-pressure symptoms.
  

Seizures observed in 70% of tumors in the brain cortex, 50% of patients with astrocytoma, 40% in patients with meningioma, and 25% in glioblastoma.
Symptoms of High Intracranial Pressure
Form of complaints of headache in the frontal and occipital arising in the morning and evening, projectile vomiting and loss of consciousness. On examination found pail edema. This situation needs immediate action when they arise because each threat herniation. Moreover, it can be found Parsee N.VI caused by intracranial N.VI teregangnya.
While specific symptoms based on the location and function of the brain are attacked, among others:
Tumors in the Frontal Lobe:

• Changes in behavior and personality
• Decreased ability to judge things
• Decreased sense of smell
• Reduced memory
• Paralysis on one side of the body
• Decreased mental function / cognitive
• Decreased vision and eye nerve inflammation
  

Tumors of the Parietal Lobe:

• Decreased ability to speak
• Unable to write
• Not being able to recognize a person
• Convulsions
• Disorientation space
  

Tumors in the occipital lobe:

• Loss of vision in one or both eyes
• Convulsions
  

Tumors in the Temporal Lobe:

• Decreased ability to speak
• Convulsions
• Sometimes no symptoms at all
  

Posterior fossa tumors on:

• Impaired walking
• Headache
• Vomiting
  

Tumors in Cerebello Pontin Angie:

• Hearing loss
  

Tumors of the Brain Stem:

• Changes in behavior and emotional (more sensitive, easily offended)
• It is difficult to speak and swallow
• Drowsiness
• Headache, especially in the morning
• Loss of hearing
• Nerve weakness on one side of the face
• Nerve weakness on one side of the body
• Uncontrolled Movement
• Loss of vision, eyelid shut, squint, etc....
• Vomiting
  

Brain Tumors in the membrane:

• Headache
• Loss of hearing
• Impaired speech
• Incontinence (unable to control urination / large)
• Mental and emotional disturbances (apathy, anarchists, etc.)
• Drowsiness prolonged
• Convulsions
• Loss of vision

Tumors of the pituitary gland:

• Menstruation stops (amenorrhea)
• Producing milk
• Impotence
  

Tumors of the hypothalamus:

• Disorders of sexual development in children
• Stop menstruation (amenorrhea)
• Disorders of fluid and electrolyte
  

Tumors of the ventricle:

• Hydrocephalus
• Neck stiffness
• Head tilted
• Sudden headache
• Blurred vision
• Impairment of consciousness

Despite experiencing one or more symptoms as above only, not necessarily a person suffering from a tumor or brain cancer. To make sure it is necessary to direct examination by the doctor nerve and further investigation such as CT scan, MRI, angiogram, myelogram, spinal tap and biopsy